A randomized, double-blinded Phase 3 study to demonstrate lot-to-lot consistency and to confirm immunogenicity and safety of the live-attenuated chikungunya virus vaccine candidate VLA1553 in healthy adults†.

BACKGROUND: The global spread of the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) increases the exposure risk for individuals travelling to or living in endemic areas. This Phase 3 study was designed to demonstrate manufacturing consistency between three lots of the single shot live-attenuated CHIKV vaccine VLA1553, and to confirm the promising immunogenicity and safety data obtained in previous trials. METHODS: This randomized, double-blinded, lot-to-lot consistency, Phase 3 study, assessed immunogenicity and safety of VLA1553 in 408 healthy adults (18-45 years) in 12 sites across the USA. The primary endpoint was a comparison of the geometric mean titre (GMT) ratios of CHIKV-specific neutralizing antibodies between three VLA1553 lots at 28 days post-vaccination. Secondary endpoints included immunogenicity and safety over 6 months post-vaccination. RESULTS: GMTs were comparable between the lots meeting the acceptance criteria for equivalence. The average GMT (measured by 50% CHIKV micro plaque neutralization test; µPRNT50) peaked with 2643 at 28 days post-vaccination and decreased to 709 at 6 months post-vaccination. An excellent seroresponse rate (defined as µPRNT50 titre ≥ 150 considered protective) was achieved in 97.8% of participants at 28 days post-vaccination and still persisted in 96% at 6 months after vaccination. Upon VLA1553 immunization, 72.5% of participants experienced adverse events (AEs), without significant differences between lots (related solicited systemic AE: 53.9% of participants; related solicited local AE: 19.4%). Overall, AEs were mostly mild or moderate and resolved without sequela, usually within 3 days. With 3.9% of participants experiencing severe AEs, 2.7% were classified as related, whereas none of the six reported serious adverse events was related to the administration of VLA1553. CONCLUSIONS: All three lots of VLA1553 recapitulated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of a preceding Phase 3 study, fulfilling pre-defined consistency requirements. These results highlight the manufacturability of VLA1553, a promising vaccine for the prevention of CHIKV disease for those living in or travelling to endemic areas.

Safety and immunogenicity against ancestral, Delta and Omicron virus variants following a booster dose of an inactivated whole-virus COVID-19 vaccine (VLA2001): Interim analysis of an open-label extension of the randomized, controlled, phase 3 COV-COMPARE trial.

OBJECTIVES: Booster doses for COVID-19 vaccinations have been shown to amplify the waning immune response after primary vaccination and to enhance protection against emerging variants of concern (VoCs). Here, we aimed to assess the immunogenicity and safety of a booster dose of an inactivated whole-virus COVID-19 vaccine (VLA2001) after primary vaccination with 2 doses of either VLA2001 or ChAdOx1-S (Oxford-Astra Zeneca), including the cross-neutralization capacity against the Delta and Omicron VoCs. METHODS: This interim analysis of an open-label extension of a randomized, controlled phase 3 trial assessed a single booster dose of an inactivated whole-virus COVID-19 vaccine (VLA2001) in healthy or medically stable adults aged 18 years and above, recruited in 21 clinical sites in the UK, who had previously received two doses of either VLA2001 or ChAdOx1-S. Safety outcomes were frequency and severity of solicited injection site and systemic reactions within 7 days after booster vaccination as well as frequency and severity of any unsolicited adverse events (AE) after up to 6 months. Immunogenicity outcomes were the immune response to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 assessed 14 days post booster expressed as geometric mean titres (GMT), GMT fold ratios and seroconversion of specific neutralizing antibodies and S-protein binding IgG antibodies. Immunogenicity against the Delta and Omicron VoCs was assessed as a post-hoc outcome with a pseudovirus neutralization antibody assay. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04864561, and is ongoing. RESULTS: A booster dose of VLA2001 was administered to 958 participants, of whom 712 had been primed with VLA2001, and 246 with ChAdOx1-S. Within 7 days following these booster doses, 607 (63.4%) participants reported solicited injection site reactions, and 487 (50.8%) reported solicited systemic reactions. Up to 14 days post booster, 751 (78.4%) participants reported at least one adverse event. The tolerability profile of a booster dose of VLA2001 was similar in VLA2001-primed and ChAdOx1-S-primed participants. In VLA2001-primed participants, the GMT (95% CI) of neutralizing antibodies increased from 32.5 (22.8, 46.3) immediately before to 521.5 (413.0, 658.6) 2 weeks after administration of the booster dose, this corresponds to a geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 27.7 (20.0, 38.5). Compared to 2 weeks after the second priming dose, the GMFR was 3.6 (2.8, 4.7). In the ChAdOx1-S primed group, the GMT (95% CI) of neutralizing antibodies increased from 65.8 (43.9, 98.4) immediately before to 188.3 (140.3, 252.8) 2 weeks after administration of the booster dose, a geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 3.0 (2.2, 4.0). Compared to 2 weeks after the second priming dose, the GMFR was 1.6 (1.1, 2.2). For S-protein binding IgG antibodies, the pre- versus post-booster GMT fold ratio (95% CI) was 34.6 (25.0, 48.0) in the VLA2001-primed group and 4.0 (3.0, 5.2) in the ChAdOx1-S-primed group. Compared to 2 weeks after the second priming dose, the GMT fold rise of IgG antibodies was 3.8 (3.2, 4.6) in the VLA2001-primed group and 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) in the ChAdOx1-S-primed group. The GMT against Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (BA.4/5) increased from 4.2 to 260, and from 2.7 to 56.7, respectively, when boosting subjects previously primed with VLA2001. Following the boost, 97% of subjects primed with VLA2001 had detectable Delta- and 94% Omicron-neutralizing antibodies. In subjects primed with ChAdOx1-S, the GMT against Delta and Omicron titres increased from 9.1 to 92.5, and from 3.6 to 12.3, respectively. After boosting, 99% of subjects primed with ChAdOx1-S had detectable Delta- and 70% Omicron-neutralizing antibodies. In both VLA2001 and ChAdOx1-S primed subjects, the additional VLA2001 dose boosted T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 antigens to levels above those observed before the booster dose. CONCLUSION: A booster dose of VLA2001 was safe and well tolerated after primary immunization with VLA2001 and ChAdOx1-S. The tolerability of a booster dose of VLA2001 was similar to the favourable profile observed after the first and second priming doses. Both in a homologous and a heterologous setting, boosting resulted in higher neutralizing antibody titres than after primary immunization and significant increases in cross-neutralization titres against Delta and Omicron were observed after the booster dose. These data support the use of VLA2001 in booster programmes in ChadOx1-S primed groups.

Safety and immunogenicity of a single-shot live-attenuated chikungunya vaccine: a double-blind, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

BACKGROUND: VLA1553 is a live-attenuated vaccine candidate for active immunisation and prevention of disease caused by chikungunya virus. We report safety and immunogenicity data up to day 180 after vaccination with VLA1553. METHODS: This double-blind, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial was done in 43 professional vaccine trial sites in the USA. Eligible participants were healthy volunteers aged 18 years and older. Patients were excluded if they had history of chikungunya virus infection or immune-mediated or chronic arthritis or arthralgia, known or suspected defect of the immune system, any inactivated vaccine received within 2 weeks before vaccination with VLA1553, or any live vaccine received within 4 weeks before vaccination with VLA1553. Participants were randomised (3:1) to receive VLA1553 or placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of baseline negative participants with a seroprotective chikungunya virus antibody level defined as 50% plaque reduction in a micro plaque reduction neutralisation test (µPRNT) with a µPRNT50 titre of at least 150, 28 days after vaccination. The safety analysis included all individuals who received vaccination. Immunogenicity analyses were done in a subset of participants at 12 pre-selected study sites. These participants were required to have no major protocol deviations to be included in the per-protocol population for immunogenicity analyses. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04546724. FINDINGS: Between Sept 17, 2020 and April 10, 2021, 6100 people were screened for eligibility. 1972 people were excluded and 4128 participants were enrolled and randomised (3093 to VLA1553 and 1035 to placebo). 358 participants in the VLA1553 group and 133 participants in the placebo group discontinued before trial end. The per-protocol population for immunogenicity analysis comprised 362 participants (266 in the VLA1553 group and 96 in the placebo group). After a single vaccination, VLA1553 induced seroprotective chikungunya virus neutralising antibody levels in 263 (98·9%) of 266 participants in the VLA1553 group (95% CI 96·7-99·8; p<0·0001) 28 days post-vaccination, independent of age. VLA1553 was generally safe with an adverse event profile similar to other licensed vaccines and equally well tolerated in younger and older adults. Serious adverse events were reported in 46 (1·5%) of 3082 participants exposed to VLA1553 and eight (0·8%) of 1033 participants in the placebo arm. Only two serious adverse events were considered related to VLA1553 treatment (one mild myalgia and one syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion). Both participants recovered fully. INTERPRETATION: The strong immune response and the generation of seroprotective titres in almost all vaccinated participants suggests that VLA1553 is an excellent candidate for the prevention of disease caused by chikungunya virus. FUNDING: Valneva, Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation, and EU Horizon 2020.

Three new coordination geometries of homoleptic Zn complexes of curcuminoids and their high antiproliferative potential.

To our previously reported first crystal structure of a homoleptic zinc curcuminoid complex with square pyramidal geometry, we add herein three new geometries of homoleptic type complexes i.e. octahedral, trigonal-pyramidal, and trigonal-bipyramidal. Octahedral geometry was observed in the new pseudo-polymorph of the DAC-Zn complex resulting from crystallization in DMF, while square-pyramidal geometry was obtained in DMSO. Improving crystallinity involved suppressing the phenolic interactions by etherification and esterification. The complete characterization of these complexes was carried out using SCXRD, IR, MS, EA, liquid, and solid-state NMR. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of all complexes was evaluated. The IC50 values for the DiMeOC-Zn (7) complex were 8 or 22 times higher than for cisplatin in the U251 and HCT-15 cell lines, indicating a high antiproliferative and therapeutic potential.

Estudio piloto de un programa basado en Internet para la prevención e intervención temprana de la depresión en adolescentes / Feasibility and effectiveness of an Internet-based program for the prevention and early intervention of depression inInternet adolescents

Resumen Antecedentes: la alta prevalencia de depresión en la adolescencia y sus graves consecuencias, asociadas a su falta de detección y tratamiento, estimulan el interés en la investigación respecto a su prevención e intervención tempranas. Las intervenciones basadas en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), dada su flexibilidad y capacidad de difusión, representan oportunidades innovadoras; no obstante, en Latinoamérica hay poca evidencia sobre su impacto y eficacia. Objetivo y metodología: se realiza un estudio piloto cuantitativo cuasiexperimental que busca evaluar la factibilidad del programa basado en Internet "Cuida tu Ánimo", mediante las variables de uso y aceptabilidad, y la estimación del efecto, en 215 adolescentes (103 grupo activo, 112 grupo control) de dos instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Medellín. Se evaluaron las interacciones de los adolescentes con el Programa, su uso-aceptabilidad, el nivel de sintomatología depresiva y otros aspectos relacionados. Resultados: los adolescentes reportan alta aceptación y uso muy moderado del Programa. Señalan el aprendizaje sobre depresión y detección temprana del riesgo que les proporcionó el Programa; y recomiendan aumentar la interactividad de la plataforma web, generar contenidos más diversos y entretenidos, y aumentar los niveles de presencialidad de la intervención. Conclusiones: los programas basados en las TIC pueden ser un complemento favorable para la prevención e intervención tempranas de la depresión en adolescentes. Dada la dificultad de asociar la estimación del efecto del Programa con su uso, se recomienda en estudios futuros utilizar un diseño que permita relacionar los indicadores de uso con los de resultado (dosis-efecto).

Abstract Background: the high prevalence of depression in adolescence and its serious consequences, associated with its lack of detection and treatment, stimulate interest in research regarding its early prevention and intervention. Interventions based on information and communication technologies (ICT), given their flexibility and capacity for dissemination, represent innovative opportunities; however, in Latin America there is little evidence on their impact and efficacy. Objective and Methods: a quasi-experimental quantitative pilot study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility, through the variables of use and acceptability, and the estimated effect of the Internet-based program "Cuida tu Ánimo", in 215 adolescents (103 active group, 112 control group) from two educational institutions. The adolescents' interactions with the program, its use-acceptability, and the level of depressive symptomatology and other related aspects were evaluated. Results: the adolescents report high acceptance and very moderate use of the Program. They point out that the program allowed them to learn about depression and early detection of risk; also, they recommend increasing the interactivity of the web platform, designing more diverse and entertaining content, and increasing the presence of the intervention. Conclusions: Internet-based programs such as Cuida tu Ánimo can be a favorable complement for the prevention and early intervention of depression in adolescents. Considering the difficulty in relating the estimation of the Program's effect with its use, it is recommended that future studies include a design that permits associating the use indicators with the outcome indicators (dose-effect).

Immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated whole-virus COVID-19 vaccine (VLA2001) compared with the adenoviral vector vaccine ChAdOx1-S in adults in the UK (COV-COMPARE): interim analysis of a randomised, controlled, phase 3, immunobridging trial.

BACKGROUND: The Valneva COVID-19 vaccine (VLA2001; Valneva Austria, Vienna, Austria) is an inactivated whole-virus, adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. We aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of primary vaccination with VLA2001 versus the ChAdOx1-S (Oxford-AstraZeneca) adenoviral-vectored vaccine. METHODS: In this immunobridging phase 3 trial (COV-COMPARE), participants aged 18 years and older who were medically stable (as determined by an investigator) were enrolled at 26 sites in the UK. In the double-blind, randomised, controlled arm of the trial, participants aged 30 years and older were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive two doses of VLA2001 (0·5 mL; with 33 antigen units [AU] per dose) or ChAdOx1-S (0·5 mL; with 2·5 × 108 infectious units per dose) on days 1 and 29. In another arm, participants aged 18-29 years received two doses of VLA2001 (same dose) open label on days 1 and 29. The primary immunogenicity outcome was the immune response of a two-dose schedule of VLA2001 on day 43, in adults aged 30 years and older, versus two doses of ChAdOx1-S via superiority of geometric mean titres (GMTs) of neutralising antibodies (GMT ratio of >1 at a two-sided significance level of 5%) and non-inferiority of the seroconversion rate (non-inferiority margin of -10% for the lower limit of the 95% CI for the difference between groups). The primary safety outcome was the frequency and severity of any adverse events in all participants up to day 43. Safety was assessed in all participants who received at least one dose of vaccine. GMTs were assessed in a subset of participants aged 30 years and older who were seronegative at baseline, had at least one evaluable antibody titre measurement after vaccination, and had no confirmed COVID-19 during the study (immunogenicity population); and seroconversion was assessed in the per-protocol population, which comprised the immunogenicity population but excluding any participants with major protocol violations. For each timepoint, only participants with available data were included in the analysis. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04864561, and is ongoing. FINDINGS: Between April 28 and June 3, 2021, 4181 individuals were screened and 4017 enrolled, of whom 2975 (74%) were aged 30 years or older and randomly assigned to receive VLA2001 (n=1978) or ChAdOx1-S (n=997), and 1042 (26%) were aged 18-29 years (all received open-label VLA2001). 4012 participants received at least one dose of vaccine (1040 in the open-label VLA2001 group, 1977 in the randomised VLA2001 group, and 995 in the ChAdOx1-S group). The immunogenicity population comprised 492 participants in the randomised VLA2001 group and 498 in the ChAdOx1-S group; three participants in the VLA2001 group were excluded from the per-protocol population. VLA2001 induced higher neutralising GMTs than did ChAdOx1-S (803·5 [95% CI 748·5-862·6] vs 576·6 [543·6-611·7]; GMT ratio 1·39 [95% CI 1·25-1·56]; p<0·0001), and non-inferior seroconversion rates (444 [97·4%] of 456 participants vs 444 [98·9%] of 449; difference -1·5% [95% CI -3·3 to 0·2]. Any adverse event was reported in 963 (92·6%) participants in the open-label VLA2001 group, 1755 (88·8%) in the randomised VLA2001 group, and 976 (98·1%) in the ChAdOx1-S group. Most adverse events reported were mild or moderate in severity. INTERPRETATION: VLA2001 has a favourable tolerability profile and met superiority criteria for neutralising antibodies and non-inferiority criterion for seroconversion rates compared with ChAdOx1-S. The data presented here formed the basis of successful marketing approval for use of VLA2001 in primary vaccination in the EU, the UK, Bahrain, and United Arab Emirates. FUNDING: UK Department of Health and Social Care and Valneva Austria.

Inestabilidad de hombro en adolescentes: Indicaciones para cirugía. Reporte de caso y estado del arte / Shoulder instability in adolescents: Indications for surgery. Case report

La inestabilidad de hombro es una condición frecuente en personas involucradas en actividades deportivas de alta demanda física. Debido a sus particularidades anatómicas, los adolescentes presentan mayor riesgo de recidiva luego de un primer episodio de luxación de hombro. El sexo masculino, edad y participación en actividades deportivas de alto impacto son los principales factores de riesgo para recurrencia. En esta publicación, reportamos el caso de una adolescente porrista con inestabilidad anterior de hombro con evolución favorable luego de estabilización abierta complementado por una revisión del estado del arte de las aproximaciones terapéuticas de la inestabilidad recurrente de hombro en adolescentes.

Shoulder instability is a frequent condition in people involved in sport activities of high-physical demand. Due to their anatomical features, adolescents are at greater risk of recurrence after a first episode of shoulder dislocation. Male gender, age and participation in high-impact sport activities are the main risk factors for recurrence. We report the case of a cheerleader teenager with anterior shoulder instability with favorable evolution after open stabilization complemented by a review of the state of the art of the therapeutic approaches of recurrent shoulder instability in adolescents.

Conocimientos, cctitudes y prácticas frente a l limitación de esfuerzos terapééuticos en personal de salud de un hospital universitaiio / Knowledg, attituudes andpractices regarding the limitation of therapeuttic efforts by health personnel at a university hospiall / Conhecimetos, attitudes e práticas diante da limitação de esforços terapêuticos em pessoal de saúde de um hospital universitáioo

El término limitación de esfuerzos terapéuticos se refiere al hecho de no iniciar o retirar un tratamiento médico a un paciente (con o sin capacidad de decidir) que no se beneficia clínicamente de él. Lo que justifica este tipo de conducta es el sentido de desproporción entre los fines y los medios terapéuticos. Describir las actitudes, los conocimientos y las prácticas de profesionales del área de la salud que laboran en un hospital universitario. Estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se les pidió a diferentes profesionales del área de la salud que realizan labores en dicho hospital que respondieran una encuesta sobre los conocimientos, las actitudes y las prácticas que tienen frente a la limitación de esfuerzos terapéuticos en pacientes hospitalizados. 412 personas respondieron la encuesta. El 50% de los encuestados eran auxiliares de enfermería y 25% médicos. Solo el 14,6% conocía el significado de limitación de esfuerzos terapéuticos y el 62,4% de los médicos admitieron tener dificultad para tomar estas decisiones. No obstante la importancia y la polémica que este asunto plantea desde el punto de vista personal y profesional, es bajo el nivel de conocimiento que poseen los profesionales de la salud frente a este importante tema de la bioética. Se requiere mayor capacitación y sensibilización frente al tema.

Limitation of therapeutic efforts refers to the decision not to initiate or to withdraw medical treatment for a patient (with or without the ability to decide) who will not benefit clinically from it. What justifies this behavior is the sense of disproportion between the end and the therapeutic means. The purpose of this article is to describe the attitudes, knowledge and practices of health professionals working at a university hospital. A descriptive, transversal study was conducted in which a number of health professionals who work at the hospital in question were asked to complete a questionnaire on their knowledge, attitudes and practices concerning the limitation of therapeutic efforts for hospitalized patients. A total of 412 persons responded to the questionnaire, Fifty percent (50%) of those surveyed were nursing aids and 25% were physicians. Only 14.6% knew what "limitation of therapeutic efforts" means, and 62.4% of the physicians admitted having difficulty making such decisions. Despite the importance of this bioethical issue and the controversy it provokes from a personal and professional standpoint, health professionals know little about it. More training and awareness in this respect are needed.

A expressão limitação de esforços terapêuticos se refere ao fato de não iniciar ou retirar um tratamento médico a um paciente (com ou sem capacidade de decidir) que não se beneficia clinicamente dele. O que justifica esse tipo de conduta é o sentido de desproporção entre os fins e os meios terapêuticos. O objetivo do presente artigo é descrever as atitudes, os conhecimentos e as práticas de profissionais da área da saúde que trabalham em um hospital universitário. Consiste de um estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, no qual foi pedido a diferentes profissionais da área de saúde que realizam trabalhos nesse hospital que respondessem a uma pesquisa sobre os conhecimentos, as atitudes e as práticas que eles têm diante da limitação de esforços terapêuticos em pacientes hospitalizados. Um total de 412 pessoas respondeu a pesquisa. 50% dos entrevistados eram auxiliares de enfermagem e 25%, médicos. Somente 14,6% conheciam o significado de limitação de esforços terapêuticos e 62,4% dos médicos admitiram ter dificuldade para tomar essas decisões. Contudo, a importância e a polêmica que esse assunto apresenta, sob o ponto de vista pessoal e profissional, é baixo o nível de conhecimento que os profissionais de saúde possuem ante esse importante tema da bioética. Requer-se maior capacitação e sensibilização sobre o tema.

Efecto de la versión e inclinación glenoidea en el patrón de ruptura del manguito rotador / Glenoid version effect on rotator cuff pattern of rupture

La propuesta de este estudio es determinar la relación entre la ruptura del manguito rotador (MR) y la orientación de la glenoides. Ochenta y cuatro pacientes fueron divididos en dos grupos dependiendo de la presencia o no de ruptura del manguito rotador. Se midió en resonancia magnética el ángulo acromioglenoideo (AG) y el ángulo supraespinoso glenoideo en corte axial (SGAX) y coronal (SGAP). Los pacientes con ruptura del MR tuvieron un AG menor comparado con los pacientes sin ruptura (p < 0,001). Además, se encontró que los pacientes con un patrón de ruptura postero-superior tenían un ángulo SGAX mayor comparado con los pacientes sin ruptura del manguito rotador, con 91º y 88º respectivamente (p = 0,044). Por otro lado, aquellos con ruptura antero-superior tenían un SGAX menor comparado con los pacientes sin ruptura del manguito rotador, con 84,8º y 90,1º respectivamente (p = 0,024). Se encontró también una fuerte asociación con tendinosis en pacientes sin ruptura pero con alteración estructural ósea evidenciada por la medición de los ángulos AG y SGAX. Se obtuvo una buena correlación entre los dos examinadores en la medición de los ángulos AG y SGAX.

Prevalencia de Cryptosporidium en muestras fecales diarreicas en seis laboratorios de Medellin. Estudio de 100 casos / Prevalence of Cryptosporidium in diarrheic feces samples in six laboratories from Medellin. 100 cases report

Recientemente se ha encontrado como causa importante de diarrea y como invasor oportunista en pacientes inmunocomprometidos, incluyendo los casos de SIDA. Durante Septiembre de 1985 se examinaron 400 muestras fecales blandas y liquidas de laboratorios de Medellin y se identificaron 10 casos positivos para Cryptosporidium (2.5%). El diagnostico de hizo por identificacion de ooquistes en las materias fecales concentradas por el metodo de formol-eter, con coloracion de Ziehl-Neelsen modificada. La distribucion por sexo fue igual, 6 eran menores de 5 anos y los demas mayores de 30. Todos los pacientes presentaban diarrea, con duracion promedio de 13 dias; en 6 casos se asocio a dolor abdominal y en 4 a nauseas, vomito y fiebre. Solo 1 paciente de 53 anos tenia leucopedia cuya etiologia estaba en estudio; los demas eran aparentemente normales desde el punto de vista inmunologico. Dos casos se asociaron con Entamoeba histolitica y uno con Giardia Lamblia. Este trabajo se constituye el primero que es realizado sobre esta parasitosis en Colombia

Cryptosporidiosis en Medellin; prevalencia de Cryptosporidium en muestras fecales diarreicas en 6 laboratorios de Medellin: estudio de 10 casos / Cryptosporidiosis in Medellin; prevalence of Cryptosporidium in diarrheic feces samples in 6 laboratories from Medellin: study of ten cases

Cryptosporidium es un protozoo intestinal frecuente en animales. Recientemente se ha encontrado como causa importante de diarrea, y como invasor oportunista en pacientes inmunocomprometidos, incluyendo los casos de SIDA. Durante septiembre de 1985 se examinaron 400 muestras fecales blandas y liquidas de laboratorio de Medellin y se identificaron 10 casos postivos para Cryptosporidium (2.5%). El diagnostico se hizo por identificacion de ooquistes en las materias fecales concentradas por el metodo de formol-eter, con coloracion de Ziehl-Neelsen modificada. La distribucion por sexo fue igual, 6 eran menores de 5 anos y los demas mayores de 30.. Todos los pacientes presentaban diarrea, con duracion promedio de 13 dias; en 6 casos se asocio a dolor abdominal y en 4 a nauseas, vomito y fiebre. Solo una paciente de 53 anos tenia leucopenia y cuya etiologia estaba en estudio; los demas eran aparentemente normales desde el punto de vista inmunologico. Dos casos se asociaron con Entamoeba Histolytica y uno con Giardia lamblia